Nag hmo, European Union tau tshaj tawm tias cov ntawv nyeem ntawm Carbon Ciam Teb Hloov Kho Mechanism (CBAM, carbon tariff) daim nqi yuav raug luam tawm hauv EU Official Journal.CBAM yuav pib siv rau hnub tom qab tshaj tawm Cov Ntawv Xov Xwm Tshaj Tawm ntawm European Union, uas yog, Tsib Hlis 17!Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tsuas yog niaj hnub no, EU carbon tariff tau dhau los ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem thiab tau pib siv!
Cov se carbon yog dab tsi?Cia kuv qhia me ntsis rau koj!
CBAM yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm EU's "Fit rau 55" emission txo txoj kev npaj.Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau txo EU cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm 55% los ntawm 1990 qib los ntawm 2030. Txhawm rau ua tiav lub hom phiaj no, EU tau siv ntau yam kev ntsuas, suav nrog kev nthuav dav feem ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab, nthuav dav EU carbon lag luam, txwv tsis pub lub muag roj tsheb, thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov ciam teb cov txheej txheem, tag nrho ntawm 12 daim nqi tshiab.
Yog tias nws yooj yim sau ua lus nrov, nws txhais tau hais tias EU tsub cov khoom lag luam nrog cov pa roj carbon ntau tuaj ntawm peb lub tebchaws raws li cov pa roj carbon emissions ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
Lub hom phiaj ncaj qha tshaj plaws ntawm EU los teeb tsa cov nqi ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm "carbon to leakage".Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem ntsib EU txoj cai tswj hwm huab cua.Nws txhais tau hais tias vim muaj kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig nruj dua, cov tuam txhab EU tau hloov mus rau thaj chaw uas muaj cov nqi tsim khoom qis dua, uas ua rau tsis muaj kev txo qis hauv carbon dioxide emissions ntawm lub ntiaj teb.Lub EU carbon ciam teb se lub hom phiaj los tiv thaiv cov neeg tsim khoom nyob rau hauv EU uas yuav tsum nruj me ntsis carbon emission tswj, nce nqi tariff ntawm kuj tsis muaj zog producers xws li sab nraud emission txo lub hom phiaj thiab tswj kev ntsuas, thiab tiv thaiv cov lag luam nyob rau hauv lub EU los ntawm kev xa mus rau lub teb chaws nrog. txo cov nqi emission, kom tsis txhob "carbon to".
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau koom tes nrog CBAM mechanism, kev hloov pauv ntawm European Union cov pa roj carbon trading system (EU-ETS) kuj tseem yuav pib ua haujlwm ib txhij.Raws li tsab cai lij choj hloov kho, EU cov nyiaj pub dawb cov pa roj carbon monoxide yuav raug rho tawm tag nrho hauv 2032, thiab kev tshem tawm cov nyiaj pub dawb yuav ua rau cov nqi emissions ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom ntxiv.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj, CBAM yuav pib siv rau cement, steel, aluminium, chiv, hluav taws xob, thiab hydrogen.Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom no yog cov pa roj carbon ntau thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog siab, thiab nws yuav maj mam nthuav mus rau lwm qhov kev lag luam nyob rau theem tom ntej.CBAM yuav pib sim ua haujlwm thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1, 2023, nrog lub sijhawm hloov pauv mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm 2025. Cov se yuav raug tsim tawm thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1, 2026. Cov neeg tuaj yeem yuav tsum tshaj tawm cov khoom xa tuaj rau EU xyoo dhau los. thiab lawv lub tsev cog khoom zais pa txhua xyoo, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv yuav yuav cov ntawv pov thawj CBAM sib raug.Tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj yuav raug xam raws li qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov nqi sib tw txhua lub lim tiam ntawm EU ETS nyiaj pub dawb, qhia hauv EUR / t CO2 emissions.Thaum lub sij hawm 2026-2034, theem-tawm ntawm cov quotas dawb raws li EU ETS yuav muaj nyob rau hauv parallel nrog CBAM.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tariffs carbon txo cov kev sib tw ntawm cov lag luam tawm sab nraud thiab yog ib hom kev lag luam tshiab, uas yuav muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau kuv lub teb chaws.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kuv lub teb chaws yog EU tus lag luam loj tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom lag luam loj tshaj plaws, nrog rau qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm embodied carbon emissions los ntawm EU imports.80% ntawm cov pa roj carbon emissions ntawm kuv lub teb chaws cov khoom nruab nrab xa tawm mus rau EU los ntawm cov hlau, tshuaj, thiab cov minerals uas tsis yog-hlau, uas yog nyob rau hauv high-kawg txaus ntshai sectors ntawm EU carbon khw.Ib zaug suav nrog kev tswj hwm ciam teb carbon, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev xa tawm;Ntau txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb tau ua tiav ntawm nws txoj kev cuam tshuam.Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv thiab kev xav (xws li emission scope of imported products, carbon emission intensity, and carbon price of related products), cov lus xaus yuav txawv heev.Nws feem ntau ntseeg tias 5-7% ntawm Tuam Tshoj tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Europe yuav raug cuam tshuam, thiab CBAM cov khoom xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Europe yuav poob 11-13%;Tus nqi ntawm kev xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Europe yuav nce li ntawm 100-300 lab nyiaj daus las hauv ib xyoos, suav nrog CBAM-cov khoom lag luam them nyiaj xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Europe 1.6-4.8%.
Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, peb kuj yuav tsum pom qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm EU txoj cai "carbon tariff" rau kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam xa tawm thiab kev tsim kho cov pa roj carbon monoxide.Ua ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev lag luam hlau thiab hlau, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm 1 tuj ntawm kuv lub teb chaws cov pa roj carbon emission qib ib tuj hlau thiab EU.Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv emission no, kuv lub teb chaws cov tuam txhab hlau thiab hlau yuav tsum tau yuav daim ntawv pov thawj CBAM.Raws li kev kwv yees, CBAM mechanism yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam txog li 16 billion yuan ntawm kuv lub teb chaws cov khoom lag luam steel, nce tariffs li ntawm 2.6 billion yuan, nce nqi li ntawm 650 yuan ib tuj steel, thiab cov nqi se ntawm kwv yees li 11%. .Qhov no yuav undoubtedly nce lub export siab rau kuv lub teb chaws cov hlau thiab steel tuam txhab uas muag thiab txhawb lawv transformation mus rau tsawg-carbon kev loj hlob.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kuv lub teb chaws kev tsim kho cov pa roj carbon monoxide tseem nyob hauv nws cov me nyuam mos, thiab peb tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm kev ua lag luam carbon.Cov qib carbon nqi tam sim no tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov lag luam hauv tsev, thiab tseem muaj qee yam tsis yog tus nqi.Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim txoj cai "carbon tariff", kuv lub teb chaws yuav tsum ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib txuas lus nrog EU, thiab xav txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nqi yam tseem ceeb.Qhov no yuav ua kom ntseeg tau tias kuv lub teb chaws cov kev lag luam tuaj yeem daws tau zoo dua nrog cov kev cov nyom nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm "carbon tariffs", thiab tib lub sij hawm txhawb kev txhim kho tsis tu ncua ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam carbon.
Yog li ntawd, rau peb lub teb chaws, qhov no yog ob qho tib si lub sijhawm thiab kev sib tw.Cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv tsev yuav tsum tau ntsib kev pheej hmoo, thiab kev lag luam ib txwm siv yuav tsum tso siab rau "kev txhim kho kom zoo thiab txo qis carbon" kom tshem tawm cov kev cuam tshuam.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam thev naus laus zis huv si tuaj yeem ua rau "cov cib fim ntsuab".CBAM cia siab tias yuav txhawb nqa kev xa tawm ntawm lub zog tshiab kev lag luam xws li photovoltaics hauv Suav teb, suav nrog cov khoom lag luam xws li Europe kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub zog tshiab, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau Suav tuam txhab lag luam los nqis peev hauv kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob huv hauv. Teb chaws Europe.
Post lub sij hawm: May-19-2023